Ma waena o nā ʻano mea like ʻole i hoʻohana ʻia i ka ʻenekinia, ua lilo nā mea metala i mea koʻikoʻi i ka hoʻolālā a me nā mea hana ma muli o kā lākou waiwai maikaʻi loa i nā ʻano he nui e like me ka mīkini a me nā kaʻina hana. No nā mea maʻamau, ua manaʻo ʻia nā lua he mau hemahema ke kūkulu ʻia, a lilo pinepine lākou i ke kikowaena o ka hoʻokumu ʻana a me ka hoʻonui ʻana, e lawe mai ana i nā hopena maikaʻi ʻole a i ʻole nā ​​​​hopena pōʻino i nā waiwai waiwai. Eia nō naʻe, ke piʻi aʻe ka helu o nā puka i kahi pae a hoʻohele mau ʻia, ʻo ka noho ʻana o kēia mau lua e hana i nā mea i loaʻa i kekahi mau waiwai kūikawā, no laila e hana ai i kahi papa hou o nā mea, i kapa ʻia nā mea porous. ʻO nā mea porous artificial o kēia manawa, ʻo ia ka porous plastics, porous ceramics, porous metala a pēlā aku. Manaʻo nui ʻia ʻo ka porosity o nā mea porous he 40%98%, hiki iā lākou ke kapa ʻia he mau mea momona. ʻO ka metala foam he lālā ia o ka mea ʻūhā, a ʻo kona ʻano he mau hiʻohiʻona: ʻoi aku ka nui o ka pore, ka porosity kiʻekiʻe, ka māmā kikoʻī, ʻoi aku ka nui o ka ʻili, a ʻo ka mea nui o ka iwi iwi he metala.

ʻO ka pahu alumini ka mea hoʻohana nui ʻia, i haku ʻia me ka iwi alumini a me nā pores, a he mea hana hou i kūkulu ʻia i nā makahiki i hala. Ma keʻano he mea hoʻolālā, loaʻa iā ia nāʻano o ke kaumaha māmā a me ka ikaika kiko'ī kiʻekiʻe: ma keʻano he mea hana, loaʻa iā ia nāʻano kino likeʻole e like me ka porous, vibration damping, damping, sound absorption, heat dissipation, impact energy absorption and electromagnetic shielding.
ʻOiai ka laula noi o ka alumini foam mea laula, akā, nui ka nānā 'ana ma luna o ka noi o kona functionality waiwai, a me ka pāʻani i ka functional waiwai o ka alumini pahupaʻa pinepine ma ka lilo o kona mechanical waiwai. Pehea e hāʻawi ai i ka pāʻani i nā waiwai hana o ka pahu alumini a hiki ke mālama i ke ʻano o nā ʻano mechanical maikaʻi he alakaʻi noiʻi kaulana, ʻo ka hopena maʻamau i kēia manawa he alumini pahu - nā mea hui kila - e like me ka "sandwich" alumini foam, ʻo ia ka ikaika. o ka metala no ka papa ili, ka pahu alumini no ka papa kumu o ka hale sanwiti. ʻO ke kumu nui o ka hana ʻana i nā panela sandwich foam aluminika, nā panela composite me ka hoʻopaʻa ʻana a me ka wili.